The Three Es
Urban planning increasingly works to balance the “three Es” of ecology, economics and equity. Typically, equity remains underdeveloped in comparison to ecology and economics. In San Diego County, more aggressive activity is necessary to achieve equity. One of the largest employment sectors in San Diego County is construction. In August 2007, it was estimated that 89,800 workers are in the construction industry. The Construction and Extraction Occupations have a median hourly wage in San Diego County of $20.79 per hour or $43,200 annually, and only 35 percent of workers in the construction industry receive health insurance through their employer. The leisure and hospitality sector also is a significant employer in San Diego County, with 30,000 people employed. Job quality is also variable paying an average annual income of $25,575. In California, 35.6% of accommodation and food service workers are completely without health insurance. Another 20% receive health insurance through government programs. Housing costs and the scarcity of affordable housing often results in hospitality workers commuting long distances between their jobs and the housing they can afford. These sectors are in position to greatly benefit from policies that promote equity, such as:
* Construction job quality standards
* Living Wages
* Clean and safe ports campaigns
* Economic Prosperity elements in Comprehensive Plans
Books, Articles, Papers
Erie, Steven P. Globalizing L.A.: Trade, Infrastructure, and Regional Development.
Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004: 124.
Judd, Dennis and Susan Fainstein. The Tourist City. New Haven: Yale University Press,
1999.
Sheard, Rod. 2001. Sports Architecture. New York: Spon Press
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. 2006. Guidebook on military base
reuse and homeless assistance Office of Community Planning and Development.
Zukin, Sharon. “Gentrification: Culture and Capital in the Urban Core.” Annual Review of
Sociology (1987): 129-147.
California Senate Bill 375
California State Assembly Bill 32
Web Resources - Links and Data
California Division of Occupational Safety and Health - http://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/
Denver Adopts Job Quality Standards for TIF - http://clawback.org/2008/07/31/denver-adopts-job-quality-standards-for-tif/
California Senate Bill 375
California State Assembly Bill 32
Apprenticeship Training Programs: http://ispt.sdccd.edu/apprent/programs.htm
California Division of Occupational Safety and Health: http://www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/
Centre City Development Corporation - Projects: http://www.ccdc.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/projects.home
Employment Development Department – Labor Market Statistics: http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov
The Working Uninsured, Part 2. http://www.onlinecpi.org/downloads/TWU2_ForWeb_1.pdf
Denver Adopts Job Quality Standards
http://clawback.org/2008/07/31/denver-adopts-job-quality-standards-for-tif/
The Policy Shift to Good Jobs: Cities, States and Counties Attaching Job Quality Standards to Development Subsidies
http://www.goodjobsfirst.org/pdf/jobquality.pdf
The Jobs Are Back In Town: Urban Smart Growth and Construction Employment
http://www.goodjobsfirst.org/pdf/backintown.pdf
Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy – Construction Careers
http://www.laane.org/projects/ConstructionCareers/index.html
Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy – Clean Ports
http://www.laane.org/projects/ports/index.html
Kathleen Mulligan-Hansel, PhD. 2008. Making Development Work for Local Residents: Local Hire Programs and Implementation Strategies that Serve Low-Income Communities. Partnership for Working Families. http://www.communitybenefits.org/downloads/Making%20Development%20Work%20for%20Local%20Residents.pdf
The Apollo Alliance, et al. 2008. Green-Collar Jobs in America’s Cities: Building Pathways Out of Poverty and Careers in the Clean Energy Economy. http://apolloalliance.org/downloads/greencollarjobs.pdf
Sonn, Paul K. and Tsedeye Gebreselassie. 2009. The Road to Responsible Contracting: Lessons from States and Cities for Ensuring That Federal Contracting Delivers Good Jobs and Quality Services. National Employment Law Project (NELP). http://nelp.3cdn.net/fd1c66786fb98867e7_1dm6brs8l.pdf
Mitnik, Pablo and Matthew Zeidenberg. 2007. From Bad to Good Jobs? An Analysis of the Prospects for Career Ladders in the Service Industries. Center on Wisconsin Strategy (COWS). http://www.cows.org/about_publications_detail.asp?id=399.
White, Sarah and Jason Walsh. 2008. Greener Pathways: Jobs and Workforce Development in the Clean Energy Economy. Center on Wisconsin Strategy (COWS), The Workforce Alliance and The Apollo Alliance.
City of Los Angeles, EnvironmentLA. New Green Building Program. http://www.lacity.org/ead/environmentla/greenbuilding/newgreenbuilding.htm
City of Los Angeles. Green Retrofit and Workforce Program Ordinance. Administrative Code, Div. 7, Chp. 3, Art. 5.
Key Organization / Institutions
SANDAG - http://www.sandag.org/
Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy - http://www.laane.org/
Center on Policy Initiatives - http://www.onlinecpi.org/
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